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1.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 38: e38044, Jan.-Dec. 2022. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1395981

ABSTRACT

The elderly is a risk group for changes in health conditions and as well as in functional performance related to the decline in grip strength and reduced walking speed, which can compromise the performance of activities of daily living. Based on this, the objective was to analyze the factors associated with functional performance in the elderly. For that, a cross-sectional study was developed involving a group of 179 elderly people who received medical care at an outpatient clinic of the public health network. Muscle strength and gait speed were measured. Nutritional status was determined by Body Mass Index (BMI), calf circumference (CC), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Level of physical activity was measured by the adapted version of the Minnesota Leisure Activities Questionnaire. Low muscle strength was found in 20.7% of the elderly and slow gait in 20.1%. Increased risk of cardiovascular disease was found in 40.8% considering WC, and 35.2% by WHR. Most of the elderly had low weight and no loss of muscle mass. Loss of muscle strength was associated with sex and CC and gait speed were associated with sex, age, and presence of a partner (p < 0.05). The chance of loss of muscle strength and lower gait speed was higher in elderly women. Loss of muscle mass due to CC was associated with the chance of loss of strength, and the chance of reduced walking speed was greater among the elderly individuals aged 75 years and over.


Subject(s)
Aged , Elderly Nutrition , Muscle Strength , Physical Functional Performance , Motor Activity
2.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 28(4): 470-476, out.-dez. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-703114

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The heart transplant became a consecrated therapy for patients with terminal heart failure, increasingly improving the survival. OBJECTIVE: To identify the medium-term results in patients undergoing cardiac transplantation. METHODS: This is a descriptive, documentary and retrospective study, using a quantitative approach, developed in a Unit of Transplant and Heart Failure, of a tertiary level public hospital, located in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. The data were obtained from a sample of 188 patients (154 men and 34 women), submitted to the heart transplant, in the period from October 1997 to March 2011. There were calculated survival rates based on Kaplan-Meier methods. RESULTS: There were identified information about the patient's gender (male 81.91%), medical diagnosis which determined the heart transplantation (idiopathic cardiomyopathies 23.98%, ischemic 23.4% and Chagasic 17.02%). The median age of patients was 48 years old (interquartile range = 17.25 years) and the median observation period was 877 days. During this period, 78 patients died, resulting in survival ratios of 72%, 59% and 47% after 1, 5 and 9 years of cardiac transplantation, respectively. Younger patients had longer survival (P=0.0418). CONCLUSION: The medium-term survival of patients undergoing cardiac transplantation is significant, especially for younger patients.


INTRODUÇÃO: O transplante cardíaco transformou-se em terapêutica consagrada para os doentes com insuficiência cardíaca em fase terminal, melhorando cada vez mais a sobrevida. OBJETIVO: identificar os resultados de sobrevida a médio prazo em pacientes submetidos ao transplante cardíaco. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, documental e retrospectivo, com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido em uma Unidade de Transplante e Insuficiência Cardíaca, de um hospital público de nível terciário, situado em Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de uma amostra de 188 pacientes (154 homens e 34 mulheres), submetidos ao transplante cardíaco, no período de outubro de 1997 a março de 2011. As taxas de sobrevida foram calculadas com base nos métodos de Kaplan-Meyer. RESULTADOS: Identificaram-se informações sobre o sexo do paciente (81,91% masculino), diagnóstico médico que determinou o transplante cardíaco (miocardiopatias idiopática 23,98%, isquêmica 23,4% e chagásica 17,02%). A mediana da idade dos pacientes foi 48 anos (Intervalo interquartílico = 17,25 anos) e a mediana do período de observação foi de 877 dias. Nesse período, 78 pacientes morreram, resultando em razões de sobrevida de 72%, 59% e 47% após 1, 5 e 9 anos do transplante cardíaco, respectivamente. Os pacientes mais jovens apresentaram maior tempo de sobrevida (P=0,0418). CONCLUSÃO: A sobrevida em médio prazo de pacientes submetidos ao transplante cardíaco é significativa, especialmente para os pacientes mais jovens.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Heart Failure/surgery , Heart Transplantation/mortality , Age Factors , Brazil , Heart Failure/mortality , Hospitals, Public/statistics & numerical data , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Survival Rate , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Tertiary Care Centers/statistics & numerical data
3.
Rev. bras. cardiol. (Impr.) ; 23(3): 162-170, mai.-jun. 2010. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-568618

ABSTRACT

Fundamentos: Hábitos alimentares inadequados têm sido asociados com o aumento de obesidade, diabetes tipo 2, hipercolesterolemia, doenças cardiovasculares e outras doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre ingestão inadequada de alimentos e níveis elevados de pressão arterial, glicemia e lipídeos séricos em idosos diabéticos e hipertensos inseridos na Estratégia Saúde da Família(ESF) atendidos em posto de saúde em Teresina(PI). Métodos: Pesquisa do tipo transversal, constituída por 34 idosos atendidos em demanda espontânea na unidade de saúde do Bairro Novo Horizonte. Foram analisados dados referentes à pressão arterial, à variavéis bioquímicas e ao consumo alimentar. A associação entre variáveis foi avaliação por meio do teste de Fisher para proporções e do teste de regressão linear. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em p<0,05. Resultados: Entre as variáveis investigadas houve associação entre a proporção de indivíduos com pressão arterial alteradae o consumo alimentar inadequado de frutas, hortaliças, leite e derivados, para pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica. Além disso, observou-se associação positiva entre percentual aumentadode hemoglobina glicada e o consumo inadequado de hortaliças (F=4,42; p=0,04), e entre os níveis elevados de triglicerídeos e o consumo inadequado de cereais (F=5,1; p=0,02). Conclusão: Os hábitos alimentares inadequados se apresentaram relacionados com aumento dos níveis de glicose e lipídiosséricos e com níveis pressóricos elevados no grupo de idosos avaliados.


Background: Poor eating habits have been associated with rising obesity, type 2 diabetes, hypercholesterolemia,cardiovascular diseases and other non-transmissible chronic diseases. Objective: To evaluate the association between inadequate food intake and high blood pressure with high levels of seric lipids and glycemia among elderly hypertensive diabetics assisted through the Family Health Strategy at a government clinic in Teresina, Piaui State, Northeast Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study of a sample of 34 elderly people assisted in response to spontaneous demands at a government clinic in the Novo Horizonte district analyzed data on blood pressure, biochemical variables and diet. Theassociations among the variables were evaluated through the Fisher test for proportions and the linear regression test, establishing a significance level of p<0.05. Results: Among the investigated variables, associationswere found between the proportion of individuals with altered blood pressure and inadequate intakes of fruits,vegetables, milk and dairy products for systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A positive association was noted betweenhigher glycated hemoglobin and insufficient consumption of vegetables (F=4.42; p=0.04), as well as between high triglyceride levels and insufficient consumption of cereals (F=5.1; p=0.02).Conclusion: Poor eating habits appear to be related to high blood pressure with higher glucose and seric lipid levels inthis elderly group.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Eating/standards , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Blood Glucose/analysis , Hypertension/complications , Hypertension/diagnosis , Aged , Obesity/complications , Triglycerides/analysis
4.
J. pneumol ; 21(1): 27-33, jan.-fev. 1995. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-175809

ABSTRACT

A silicose em cavadores de poços tem-se apresentado como grave problema de saúde ocupacional, despertando,desde sua descoberta, em 1984, no Piauí, e em 1986, no Ceará, o interesse de médicos pneumologistas e de outras disciplinas näo médicas com relaçäo ao seu conhecimento e controle. No presente estudo, säo abordados: a história natural da doença, apresentando peculiaridades próprias, pouco encontradas em outras atividades, como o processo primitivo de escavaçäo de poços, os riscos aos quais os cavadores estäo sujeitos, as características anatomopatológicas e a classificaçäo do tipo acelerada quanto à forma de apresentaçäo; os dados epidemiológicos que revelam prevalência de silicose e provável silicose em 180 (26,4 por cento) dos 687 cavadores examinados, prevalência de silicotuberculose em 13 (7,2 por cento) dos 180 diagnosticados e elevada freqência de óbitos, 34 (39,5 por cento) de 86 silicóticos diagnosticados entre 1986 e 1989. As medidas de controle que poderäo ser capazes de interromper o ciclo natural da doença säo discutidas


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Silicon Dioxide/adverse effects , Natural History of Diseases , Occupational Exposure , Occupational Risks , Lung/physiopathology , Lung , Occupational Health , Silicosis/epidemiology , Silicosis/etiology , Silicosis/prevention & control , Disease Notification/standards , Pneumoconiosis/epidemiology
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